Psychosocial Stressors and Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Community Health Workers in Fika, Yobe State, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/esss.vol5.1.5.2024Keywords:
cardiovascular diseases, psychosocial stressors, community health workes, risk factorsAbstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a global public health concern, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between psychosocial stressors and cardiovascular risk factors. This study aims to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and explore the relationship between psychosocial stressors and cardiovascular risk factors in community health workers in Fika, Yobe State, Nigeria. The cross-sectional survey study using a structured questionnaire was administered to community health workers in selected primary healthcare centers in Fika. Key variables, including demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and stressors, were analyzed quantitatively. The majority (99.2%) reported not diagnosed with CVD, but blood sugar-related symptoms and cardiovascular symptoms were prevalent. Notably, family-related stress and health-related stress demonstrated potential associations with moderate-risk categories. In the context of the high-risk category, family-related stress, health-related stress, and life stressors exhibited statistically significant associations. Specifically, family-related stress (OR = 4.616, p = .004), health-related stress (OR = 91.645, p < .001), and life stressors (OR = 46.269, p < .001) were identified as significant contributors to high cardiovascular risk. This study highlights the significance of recognizing and addressing psychosocial stressors in the cardiovascular health of community health workers. Insights into specific stressors contributing to higher cardiovascular risk inform targeted interventions, shaping preventive strategies tailored to this population.
Downloads
References
Akinlua, J. T., Meakin, R., Umar, A. M., Freemantle, N., & Belatri, R. (2020). 10-year risk for cardiovascular diseases using WHO prediction chart: findings from the civil servants in South-western Nigeria. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1-9.
Akintunde, A. A., Akintunde, T., & Opadijo, O. G. (2015). Knowledge of heart disease risk factors among workers in a Nigerian University: A call for concern. Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association, 56(2), 91–95. https://doi.org/10.4103/0300-1652.150688
Ambakederemo, T. E., & Chikezie, E. U. (2018). Assessment of some traditional cardiovascular risk factors in medical doctors in Southern Nigeria. Vascular health and risk management, 14, 299–309. https://doi.org/10.2147/VHRM.S176361
American Heart Association. (2018). The Importance of Community Health Workers for CVD Prevention and Treatment. https://www.heart.org/-/media/Files/About-Us/Policy-Research/Policy-Positions/Access-to-Healthcare/Community-Health-Workers--Policy-Brief--July-2018.pdf
Babatunde, O. A., Olarewaju, S. O., Adeomi, A. A., Akande, J. O., Bashorun, A., Umeokonkwo, C. D., & Bamidele, J. O. (2020). 10-year risk for cardiovascular diseases using WHO prediction chart: findings from the civil servants in South-western Nigeria. BMC cardiovascular disorders, 20(1), 154. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-020-01438-9
Daniel WW (1999). Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences. 7th edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons
Gaziano, T. A., Abrahams-Gessel, S., Denman, C. A., Montano, C. M., Khanam, M., Puoane, T., & Levitt, N. S. (2015). An assessment of community health workers' ability to screen for cardiovascular disease risk with a simple, non-invasive risk assessment instrument in Bangladesh, Guatemala, Mexico, and South Africa: an observational study. The Lancet. Global health, 3(9), e556–e563. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00143-6
McEwen, B.S., Gianaros, P.J. (2010). Central role of the brain in stress and adaptation: links to socioeconomic status, health, and disease. Ann NYAcad Sci. 1186:190–222.
Minnesota Department of Health. (2016). Community Health Workers: A Review of the Literature. Office of Rural Health and Primary Care Emerging Professions Program. Retrieved from https://www.health.state.mn.us/facilities/ruralhealth/emerging/docs/chwlit2016c.pdf[1]
Nabi, H., Kivimaki, M., Batty, G.D., Shipley, M.J., Britton, A., Brunner, E.J., et al. (2013). Increased risk of coronary heart disease among individuals reporting adverse impact of stress on their health: the Whitehall II prospective cohort study. European Heart Journal. 34(34):2697–705. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht216. PubMed: 23804585.
Niyibizi, J. B., Ntawuyirushintege, S., Nganabashaka, J. P., Umwali, G., Tumusiime, D., Ntaganda, E., Rulisa, S., & Bavuma, C. M. (2023). Community Health Worker-Led Cardiovascular Disease Risk Screening and Referral for Care and Further Management in Rural and Urban Communities in Rwanda. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(9), 5641. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20095641
Nnate, D. A., Eleazu, C. O., & Abaraogu, U. O. (2021). Ischemic Heart Disease in Nigeria: Exploring the Challenges, Current Status, and Impact of Lifestyle Interventions on Its Primary Healthcare System. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(1), 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010211
Ogah, O. S., Orimolade, O. A., & Jinadu, T. O. (2023). Cardiovascular diseases in Nigeria: What has happened in the... Nigerian Journal of Cardiology, 17(1), 10-13.
Ogah, O. S., Orimolade, O. A., & Jinadu, T. O. (2023). Cardiovascular Diseases in Nigeria: Current Status, Threats, and Opportunities. Circulation, 148(19), 1441-1444. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.063671
Oguoma, V. M., Nwose, E. U., Skinner, T. C., & Richards, R. S. (2015). Prevalence and pattern of cardiovascular-related causes of out-of-hospital deaths in Lagos, Nigeria. BMC Public Health, 15, 739.
Oguoma, V. M., Nwose, E. U., Skinner, T. C., Digban, K. A., Onyia, I. C., & Richards, R. S. (2015). Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among a Nigerian adult population: relationship with income level and accessibility to CVD risks screening. BMC public health, 15, 397. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1709-2
Ojji, D. B., & Ajayi, S. O. (2021). Ischemic Heart Disease in Nigeria: Exploring the Challenges, Current Status, and Impact of Lifestyle Interventions on Its Primary Healthcare System. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 8, 1-8.
Oladimeji, A. M., Fawibe, A. E., & Ajayi, I. O. (2015). Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among a Nigerian adult population: relationship with income level and accessibility to CVD risks screening. BMC Public Health, 15, 397.
Olubiyi, O.A., Rotimi, B.F., Afolayan, M.A. et al. The ten-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease among public health workers in North-Central Nigeria using Framingham and atherogenic index of plasma risk scores. BMC Public Health 22, 847 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13044-9
Sims, M., Glover, L. S. M., Gebreab, S. Y., & Spruill, T. M. (2020). Cumulative psychosocial factors are associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors and management among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study. BMC public health, 20(1), 566. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08573-0
Trofimiuk, E., & Braszko, J. J. (2015). Prevention of stress-induced cognitive impairment: Today and tomorrow. In P. Á. Gargiulo & H. L. Mesones-Arroyo (Eds.), Psychiatry and neuroscience update: Bridging the divide (pp. 119–139). Springer International Publishing/Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17103-6_10
World Health Organization. (2018). Cardiovascular Diseases. Retrieved from https://www.afro.who.int/health-topics/cardiovascular-diseases
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Rotimi Jacob Akinniyi, Hussaini Chiroma Hassan, Abdulrahamon Ishola Ajibola, Dawud Oyedemi Ibrahim, Boluwatife Akinniyi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
