Evaluation of Vegetative Characters and Distribution of Artocarpus in Perak Province for Field Guide Development

Authors

  • Ismail Yahya Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia
  • Fatimah Mohamed Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak
  • Nor Nafizah Mohd Noor Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia
  • Mazatul Azrin Rahman Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia
  • Skunda Diliarosta Fakultas Matematika Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37134/jsml.vol12.2.8.2024

Keywords:

Artocarpus, Moraceae, Vegetative morphology, Field guide

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate vegetative characters for development of a workable vegetative field guide and to map Artocarpus in Perak Province. Morphological characters of Artocarpus were examined based on modified Hickey and Berg et al. methods, and then evaluated using numerical analysis. Thirty-nine morphological characters were evaluated using Multi-Variate Statistical Package (MVSP) and Phylogeny Analysis Using Parsimony (PAUP) showing that these characters are of taxonomic significance at genus, tribe and species level. Bole lenticel and bark colour prove to be of taxonomic significance at subgenus level whilst leaves shapes, leaves texture, latex, and venation can lead to species identification. A total of 14 species of Artocarpus were successfully collected (n>350) from specified regions within Perak Province. The distribution shows that Batang Padang, has the highest number of A. nitidus whilst southern part of Perak Province shows the most diverse of Artocarpus members. It is concluded that the finding of this research partly supported useful morphological characters made by Berg et al. (2006). It also shows that vegetative characters are useful as field guide to determine Artocarpus genus and subgenus.

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References

Berg CC, Corner EJH, Jarrett FM. (2006). Flora Malesiana, Series 1. Volume 17, Part 1: Moraceae-genera other than Ficus., in: Nootboom, H.P. (Ed.), Flora Malesiana Series I - Seed Plants Vol. 17 Part 1. Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden.

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Gardner E, Zerega, N. (2021). Taxonomic updates to Artocarpus subgenus Artocarpus (Moraceae) and allied taxa with a particular focus on the species native to Singapore. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore, 73, 309-374.

Hickey LJ. (1999). Manual of Leaf Architecture - morphological description and categorization of dicotyledonous and net-veined monocotyledonous angiosperm by Leaf Architecture Working Group. Washington DC.

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The Plant List (2013). Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/

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Published

2024-07-01

How to Cite

Yahya, I., Mohamed, F., Mohd Noor, N. N., Rahman, M. A., & Diliarosta, S. (2024). Evaluation of Vegetative Characters and Distribution of Artocarpus in Perak Province for Field Guide Development. Journal of Science and Mathematics Letters, 12(2), 103–118. https://doi.org/10.37134/jsml.vol12.2.8.2024

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