Pengaruh Islam, Arab dan Parsi dalam Inovasi Sistem Tulisan Jawi
Influence of Islam, Arab and Persian in the Innovation of the Jawi Writings System
Keywords:
pengaruh islam, pengaruh arab, pengaruh parsi, inovasi tulisan jawi, alam melayu, islamic influence, arabic influence, persian influence, writing innovation, the malay worldAbstract
Penulisan ini membincangkan pengaruh Islam, Arab dan Parsi dalam inovasi sistem tulisan Jawi oleh orang Melayu. Perbincangan dimulai dengan mengetengahkan imej tulisan yang pernah digunakan di Alam Melayu sehingga membawa kepada kemunculan tulisan Jawi. Pembuktian tentang kewujudan pengaruh Arab dan Parsi dalam tulisan Jawi dijelaskan menerusi susur galur kedua-dua bahasa tersebut di samping penjelasan berhubung pengaruh agama Islam. Hasil perbincangan ini menunjukkan pengaruh Arab paling dominan dalam inovasi tulisan Jawi kerana sebahagian besar huruf Jawi berasal daripada huruf Arab manakala, pengaruh Parsi telah melahirkan huruf-huruf tambahan bagi menyesuaikan dengan keperluan bahasa Melayu. Di samping itu, penciptaan empat huruf gubalan Melayu menjadi manifestasi kepada kebijaksanaan orang Melayu untuk memenuhi keperluan bahasanya. Kedatangan Islam pula merupakan faktor pencetus dan penolak kepada perkembangan tulisan Jawi kerana tulisan ini dikaitkan sebagai tulisan agama.
This paper discusses the influence of Islam, Arabic and Persian in the innovation of the Jawi Writing System by the Malays. The discussion begins by highlighting the writing images that were once used in the Malay world, leading to the prominent emergence of the Jawi script. Evidence on the existence of Arabic and Persian influence in Jawi writing was explained through genealogical records of both languages and the influence of Islam as a religion. The study presents literature review confirming the strong influence of Islam, Arabic and Persian in the innovation of Jawi writing by the Malays. Further analysis and discussion indicated that Arabic has the most dominant influence in the innovation because most of the Jawi letters derived from Arabic alphabets while Persian influence has spawned some additional letters to suit the needs of the Malay language. Additionally, drafting the Malay letters has become a manifestation to the Malays on their intelligence to fulfill their language needs. The arrival of Islam initiated the development of Jawi writing due to its association with religious writings.
