Model Pengaturcaraan Linear untuk Meminimumkan Masa Menunggu Lebihan Penumpang Feri ke Pulau Langkawi

Linear Programming Model to Minimize the Waiting Times of Excess Ferry Passengers to Langkawi Island

Abstract

Pulau Langkawi di Kedah adalah merupakan salah satu tempat menarik untuk dilawati. Pulau Langkawi boleh dihubungi melalui jalan udara dan jalan laut daripada Kuala Perlis, Kuala Kedah dan Pulau Pinang. Perkhidmatan feri dari Kuala Perlis (Perlis) ke Kuah (Pulau Langkawi) menjadi pilihan utama di kalangan pelancong kerana ia menawarkan kos lebih rendah berbanding kos penerbangan. Peningkatan bilangan pelancong terutamanya semasa musim perayaan dan cuti sekolah, lebihan penumpang berlaku menyebabkan masa menunggu lebih lama. Dalam situasi ini, perjalanan tambahan diperlukan oleh syarikat pengusaha feri yang menyebabkan peningkatan kos operasi. Satu model pengoptimuman dibangunkan menggunakan teknik pengaturcaraan linear (PL) untuk meminimumkan masa menunggu bagi bilangan lebihan penumpang perjalanan pergi balik antara Kuah (Pulau Langkawi) dan Kuala Perlis berasaskan pemilihan kapasiti feri bersesuaian dengan bilangan penumpang dan sistem penjadualan baru. Hasil kajian menunjukkan masa menunggu bagi bilangan lebihan penumpang dapat dikurangkan tanpa membuat perjalanan tambahan.

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Langkawi Island in the state of Kedah is one of the most attractive places to visit. It can be reached through air and sea via ferry services that connect the island to the main land destinations such as Kuala Perlis, Kuala Kedah and Penang. Ferry services from Kuala Perlis (Perlis) to Kuah (Langkawi Island) are the main modes of transportation among tourists as they offer lower fares as compared to the cost of air fares. As the number of tourists increase, especially during festive seasons and school holidays, passengers using the ferry services have to wait a longer time before boarding. Additional trips need to be undertaken by the company which could incur an extra cost. An optimization model has been developed using linear programming (PL) technique to minimize the waiting times of excess passengers for the round trips between Kuah and Kuala Perlis based on the appropriate selection of the ferry’s capacity that corresponds to the number of passengers and a new scheduling system. The results indicate that the waiting time for passengers can be reduced without having additional trips.