Keberkesanan kaedah PBL via Facebook dalam kalangan pelajar Pra-Universiti
The effectiveness of PBL via Facebook methods among Pre-University students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/jpsmm.vol7.2.5.2017Keywords:
Pendekatan Pembelajaran Mendalam, Pendekatan Pembelajaran Permukaan, Facebook, Kaedah Pembelajaran Berasaskan MasalahAbstract
Pengaruh media sosial seperti Facebook dalam pelbagai bidang termasuk bidang pendidikan tidak dapat dinafikan lagi. Objektif utama kajian adalah mengkaji kesan interaksi pendekatan pembelajaran dan faktor jantina pelajar ke atas pencapaian subjek kimia secara kaedah pembelajaran berasaskan masalah (Problem Based Learning) melalui Facebook. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 120 orang pelajar Kolej MARA yang telah dipilih secara rawak untuk menjalani rawatan PBL via Facebook selama sembilan minggu. Kajian kuantitatif ini menggunakan reka bentuk faktorial 2x2. Kesan utama yang dikaji adalah pendekatan pembelajaran (permukaan dan mendalam) dan faktor jantina (lelaki dan perempuan) serta interaksi kedua-duanya ke atas pencapaian dalam peperiksaan akhir subjek kimia. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan berlakunya peralihan pendekatan pembelajaran pelajar daripada pendekatan permukaan kepada pendekatan mendalam selepas menjalani rawatan PBL via Facebook. Hasil ujian Anova Dua-Hala pula menunjukkan bahawa kesan utama pendekatan pembelajaran terhadap pemboleh ubah bersandar pencapaian pelajar adalah signifikan merentasi jantina pelajar. Walau bagaimanapun, kesan utama jantina dan kesan interaksi antara kedua-dua pemboleh ubah bebas terhadap pencapaian pelajar adalah tidak signifikan. Hasil kajian ini penting kerana Kaedah PBL via Facebook didapati berupaya mendorong peralihan amalan pendekatan pembelajaran pelajar daripada pendekatan pembelajaran permukaan kepada pendekatan pembelajaran mendalam. Pendekatan pembelajaran mendalam seterusnya membolehkan pelajar untuk memperoleh pencapaian akademik yang lebih baik.
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References
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Alexander, B. (2006). Web 2.0: A new wave of innovation for teaching and learning?
EDUCAUSE Review, 41(2), 32-44.
Archambault, L., Wetzel, K., Foulger, T. S., & Williams, M. K. (2010). Profesional development 2.0: Transforming teacher education pedagogy with 21st century tools. Journal of Digital Learning in Teacher Education, 27(1), 4-11.
Armstrong, P. G. (2014). The effects of studentsʼ approach to learning and instructional strategy (delivery) on academic success. Tesis PhD. Capella University.
Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: PrenticeHall.
Barrows, H. S., & Tamblyn, R. M. (1980). Problem-Based Learning: An Approach to Medical Education. New York: Springer Publishing Company.
Barrows, H. S., & Kelson, A. (1993). Problem-based learning in secondary education and the problem-based learning institute. Southern Illinois University School of Medicine. Springfield, IL.
Biggs, J. B. (1987). Student Approaches to Learning and Studying. Hawthorn, Victoria: Australian Council for Educational Research.
Biggs, J. B., & Moore, P. J. (1993). The process of learning (3rd ed.). NewYork: Prentice Hall.
Biggs, J., Kember, D., & Leung, D. Y. P. (2001). The revised two-factor study process questionnaire: R-SPQ-2F. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 71, 133149.
Biggs, J. B. (2003). Teaching for Quality Learning at University (2nd ed.). Buckingham: The Society for Research into Higher Education & Open University Press.
Birch, D. & Volkov, M. (2007). Assessment of online reflections: Engaging English second language (ESL) students. Australian Journal of Educational Technology, 23(3), 291-306.
Boyd, D., & Ellison, N. (2008). Social network sites: Definition, history & scholarship, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 210-230.
Çevik, Y. D. (2014). Teacher training through social networking platforms: A case study on Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 30(6), 714–727.
Duff, A., Boyle, E., Dunleavy, K., & Ferguson, J. (2004). The relationship between personality, approach to learning and academic performance. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 1907-1920.
Entwistle, N. J., & Ramsden, P. (1983). Understanding student learning. London: Croom Helm.
Entwistle, N. (1997). Reconstituting approaches to learning: A response to Webb. Higher Education, 33(2), 213-218.
Facebook.com. (2012). One billion people on Facebook.
http://newsroom.fb.com/News/457/One-Billion-People-on-Facebook.
Dicapai pada 15 Disember 2012.
Facebook.com. (2017). Facebook Reports First Quarter 2017 Results.
http://investor.fb.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=780093
Dicapai pada 3 Mac 2017.
Faaizah, S., & Halimah, B. Z. (2007). C2HADAM: Hybrid PBL multimedia and webbased courseware for science. Kertas yang dibentangkan dalam Seminar Antarabangsa Sains dan Matematik (CoSMEd), pada 13-16 November 2007, di SEAMEO RECSAM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Gomes, C. M. A. (2011). Deep and surface approach to learning: Different perspectives about academic achievement. Psicologia: Reflexao e Critica, 24(3), 86-93.
Hartshorne, R., & Ajjan, H. (2009). Examining student decision to adopt Web 2.0 technologies: theory and empirical tests. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 21(3), 183-198.
Hein, J. O. (2014). A Comparison of a Blended Learning Environment and a Traditional Learning Environment. Are Student Achievement and Student Interest Affected? Tesis Doktor Falsafah Pendidikan. Universiti Wilmington.
Hung, D. (2002). Bringing communities of practice into schools: Implications for instructional technologies from Vygotskian perspectives. International Journal of Instructional Media, 29(2), 171-183.
Hussain Othman, & Berhannudin M. Salleh. (2009). First Year Students First Year PBL Experience in a Large Class. Kertas yang dibentangkan dalam Simposium Antarabangsa PBL 2009, pada 10-12 Jun 2009, di Republic Polytechnic, Singapura.
Kabilan, M. K., Ahmad, N., & Zainol Abidin, M. J. (2010). Facebook: An online environment for learning of English in institutions of higher education? Internet and Higher Education, 13(4), 179-187.
Karpinski, A. (2010). Facebook and academic performance. Computer in Human Behavior, 26(6), 1237-1245.
Kearsley, G. (2011). The Theory into Practice Database.
http://tip.psychology.org
Dicapai pada 3 Januari 2013.
Khairiyah Mohd Yusof, Syed Ahmad Helmi Syed Hassan, & Zaidatun Tasir (2009). Inducting First Year Engineering Students into Problem-Based Learning. Kertas yang dibentangkan dalam Simposium Antarabangsa PBL, pada 10-12 Jun 2009, di Republic Polytechnic, Singapura.
Köse, U. (2010). A blended learning model supported with Web 2.0 technologies. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 2794-2802.
Liu, E. S. C., Ye, C. J., & Yeung, D. Y. (2014). Effects of approach to learning and self-perceived overall competence on academic performance of university students. Learning and Individual Differences, 39, 199-204. Elsevier Ltd.
Manca, S., & Ranieri, M. (2013). Is it a tool suitable for learning? A critical review of the literature on Facebook as a technology-enhanced learning environment. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 29(6), 487– 504.
Mao, J. (2014). Social media for learning: A mixed methods study on high school students’ technology affordances and perspectives. Computers in Human Behavior, 33, 213–223.
doi: http://10.1016/j.chb.2014.01.002
Mazman, S. G., & Usluel, Y. K. (2010). Modeling educational usage of Facebook, Computer & Education, 55, 444-453.
Newble, D., & Hejka, E. J. (1991). Approaches to learning of medical students and practising physicians: some empirical evidence and its implications for medical educations. Educational Psychology, 11(3-4), 333- 342.
Paul, I. (2010). Facebook’s half billion users: Fun facts.
http://www.pcworld.com/article/201650/facebooks_half_billion_users
Dicapai pada 25 Jun 2011.
Price, K. (2006). Web 2.0 and education: What it means for us all. Kertas yang dibentangkan dalam Australian Computers in Education Conference, pada 2-4 Oktober 2006, di Cairns, Australia.
Rainie, L. (2009). Back to the future. Pew Research Center’s Internet and American Life Project.
http://pewinternet.org/Presentations2009/49-NCTI-Technology-Innovators- Conference.aspx
Dicapai pada 28 Mac 2011
Ramsden, P. (1992). Learning to teach in higher education. London: Routledge.
Roblyer, M. D., McDaniel, M., Webb, M., Herman, J., & Witty, J. V. (2010). Findings on facebook in higher education: A comparison of college faculty and student uses and perceptions of social networking sites. The Internet and Higher Education, 13(3), 134-140.
Samarakoon, L., Fernando, T., & Rodrigo, C. (2013). Learning styles and approaches to learning among medical undergraduates and postgraduates. BMC Medical Education, 13(1), 42.
Shih, R. C. (2011). Can Web 2.0 technology assist college students in learning English writing? Integrating facebook and peer assessment with blended learning, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 27(5), 829-845.
Shittu, A. T., Basha, K. M., Abdul Rahman, N. S. N., & Ahmad, T. B. T. (2011). Investigating students’ attitude and intention to use social software in higher institution of learning in Malaysia, Multicultural Education & Technology Journal, 5(3), 194-208.
Sobaih, A. E. E., Moustafa, M. A., Ghandforoush, P., & Khan, M. (2016). To use or not to use? Social media in higher education in developing countries. Computers in Human Behavior, 58, 296-305. Elsevier Ltd. Socialbakers.com. (2015). Malaysia Facebook statistics.
http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/malaysia
Dicapai pada 2 April 2015.
Stiernborg, M., & Bandaranayake, R. C. (1996). Medical students’ approaches to studying. Medical Teacher, 18(3), 229-236.
Syed Shah Alam, Yeow, P. H. P., & Loo, H. S. (2011). An empirical study on online social networks sites usage: Online dating sites perspective, International Journal of Business and Management, 6(10), 155.
Tan, Y. P., & Mohammad Yusof Arshad. (2014). Teacher and student questions: A case study in Malaysian secondary school problem-based learning. Asian Social Science, 10(4), 174-182.
Tess, P. A (2013). The role of social media in higher education classes (real and virtual) – a literature review. Journal of Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 60-68.
Treepuech, W. (2011). The application of using social networking sites with available online tools for teaching and learning management. Kertas yang dibentangkan dalam IT in Medicine and Education (ITME) 2011, di International Symposium, Sapporo, Japan, pada 5-7 Ogos 2011.
Watkins, D. (1982). Identifying the study process dimensions of Australian university students. The Australian Journal of Education, 26(1), 76-84.
Wiboolyasarin, W. (2014). Blended problem-based instructional model via Facebook application on mobile: Are you ready for m-Learning?. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 4(2), 91-94.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
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Published
2017-12-15
How to Cite
Mohamed Sunar, M. S., & Shaari, A. J. (2017). Keberkesanan kaedah PBL via Facebook dalam kalangan pelajar Pra-Universiti: The effectiveness of PBL via Facebook methods among Pre-University students. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Dan Matematik Malaysia, 7(2), 52–71. https://doi.org/10.37134/jpsmm.vol7.2.5.2017
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