Expression of art and visual communication among special needed students of visual arts education subjects in primary schools
Ekspresi seni dan komunikasi visual murid berkeperluan khas dalam mata pelajaran pendidikan seni visual sekolah rendah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/jpak.vol10.1.4.2021Keywords:
arts expression, visual communication, special needs student, visual arts education, PPKI teachersAbstract
Artistic expressions can be seen through images or visuals that are used as a medium to perform identification and exploration of feelings. Visual communication that exists in the work of students serves to convey information visually by displaying a picture, sign or symbol. The activities of drawing, coloring and designing objects provide opportunities for expression in art. This method is seen to have significant value to be used as a medium in improving the ability to communicate when students and teachers discuss the emotions translated in the drawing. In the subject of Pendidikan Seni Visual (PSV) for primary schools, students have been exposed to such art activities including students with special needs . This article aims to examine teachers' perceptions and the application of art as one of the mediums of self-expression and communication in the classroom. The work of special needs students with learning disabilities, autism and hearing impairment is studied from the aspect of artistic expression including the use of colors, lines, shapes, compositions, visuals, and techniques appropriate to the given theme. Qualitative study design is used through interview instruments and document analysis. A teacher and five special needs students under the Program Pendidikan Khas Integrasi (PPKI) from one of primary school in Perak were used in this study as informants. The results show that semiotic visual communication can help teachers and students in improving social interaction in the classroom. Studies also prove that the field of art seen from the aspect of art as a medium of communication and self-expression is one of the techniques that can be used in forming a more creative, innovative and productive human capital, especially for the disabled.
Ekspresi seni dapat dilihat melalui gambar atau visual yang dijadikan sebagai media untuk melakukan identifikasi dan eksplorasi perasaan. Komunikasi visual yang wujud dalam karya murid berfungsi menyampaikan informasi secara visual dengan memaparkan suatu gambar, tanda atau simbol. Aktiviti menggambar, mewarna dan membina objek memberi peluang kepada luahan ekspresi dalam seni. Kaedah ini dilihat mempunyai nilai yang signifikan untuk dijadikan medium dalam meningkatkan kebolehan berkomunikasi apabila murid dan guru membuat diskusi tentang emosi yang diterjemahkan dalam lukisan. Dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Seni Visual (PSV) di sekolah, murid telah didedahkan dengan aktiviti seni seumpama ini termasuklah murid berkeperluan khas (MBK). Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji persepsi guru dan aplikasi seni sebagai salah satu medium ekspresi diri dan komunikasi dalam bilik darjah. Hasil karya murid MBK yang mempunyai masalah pembelajaran, autisma dan cacat pendengaran dikaji dari aspek ekspresi seni termasuklah penggunaan warna, garisan, bentuk, komposisi, visual, dan teknik yang bersesuaian dengan tema yang diberikan. Reka bentuk kajian kualitatif digunakan melalui instrumen temu bual dan analisis dokumen. Seorang guru PSV dan lima orang murid MBK dibawah Program Pendidikan Khas Integrasi (PPKI) dijadikan informan kajian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan komunikasi visual secara semiotik dapat membantu guru dan murid dalam meningkatkan interaksi sosial di bilik darjah. Kajian juga membuktikan bahawa bidang seni yang dilihat dari aspek seni sebagai medium komunikasi dan ekspresi diri merupakan salah satu teknik yang boleh digunakan dalam membentuk modal insan yang lebih kreatif, inovatif dan produktif terutamanya bagi golongan kurang upaya.
Kata Kunci: ekpresi seni, komunikasi visual, guru PPKI, murid berkeperluan khas, pendidikan seni visual
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