The Influencing Factors towards Graduates Employability among Malaysian Public University Undergraduates from 2016 until 2019.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/ibej.vol15.1.4.2022Keywords:
university characteristics, entrepreneurial orientation, learning orientation, graduates’ employabilityAbstract
This study aims to examine the relationship between university characteristics, entrepreneurial orientation, and learning orientation toward graduate employability among Malaysian public university undergraduates. The theoretical model based on the resource-based view approach to graduated employability was developed. To answer the research questions, four hypotheses were formulated. Online survey questionnaires were distributed to 20 public universities in Malaysia. A total of 433 graduates from the year 2016 until 2019 were involved in this study. This data are gathered and analyzed using SPSS Software. The findings show that university characteristics, entrepreneurial orientation, and learning orientation have significant influences on graduate employability. The implication of this study could help universities in designing a better curriculum that would increase the level of graduate employability among students, and ensure the learning process learning quality and skills required by the job market meets all the characteristics required by employers.
Downloads
References
Advant, S. B., & Makhirja, S. J. (2003). Quality and Education. Dlm Singh, R. K. Quality Education: Opportunities and Challenges in the 21st Century, 20-30. Delhi: Abijeet Publc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1269
Azmi, I. A. G., Hashim, R. C., & Yusoff, Y. M. (2018). The employability skills of Malaysian University students. International Journal of Modern Trends in Social Sciences, 1(3), 1-14.
Baum, J. R., Bird, B. J., & Singh, S. (2011). The practical intelligence of entrepreneurs: antecedents and a link with new venture growth. Personnel Psychology, 64(2), 397–425. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01214.x
Bell, R. (2016). Unpacking the link between entrepreneurialism and employability. Education + Training, 58(1), 2–17. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-09-2014-0115
Bustamam, U. S. A., Mutalib, M. A., & Yusof, S. N. M. (2015). Graduate employability through entrepreneurship: A case study at USIM. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211, 1117–1121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.149
Cvijić, M., Tatarski, J., Katić, I., Vekić, A., & Borocki, J. (2019). Entrepreneurial orientation of public universities in Republic of Serbia- Empirical study. Sustainability, 11(6), 1509. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11061509
Eutsler, J., & Lang, B. (2015). Rating scales in accounting research: The impact of scale points and labels. Behavioral Research in Accounting, 27(2), 35–51. https://doi.org/10.2308/bria-51219
Finch, D. J., Peacock, M., Levallet, N., & Foster, W. (2016). A dynamic capabilities view of employability. Education + Training, 58(1), 61–81. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-022015-0013
George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS Statistics 26 Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference (16th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429056765
Gorostiaga, A., Aliri, J., Ulacia, I., Soroa, G., Balluerka, N., Aritzeta, A., & Muela, A. (2019). Assessment of entrepreneurial orientation in vocational training students: development of a new scale and relationships with self-efficacy and personal initiative. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01125
Hair, J. F., Page, M., & Brunsveld, N. (2020). Essentials of Business Research Methods; Fourth Edition. Routledge.
Hanapi, Z., & Nordin, M. S. (2014). Unemployment among Malaysia graduates: graduates’ attributes, lecturers’ competency and quality of education. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 112, 1056–1063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1269
Hornsby, J. S., Kuratko, D. F., & Montagno, R. V. (1999). Perception of internal factors for corporate entrepreneurship: A comparison of Canadian and U.S. Managers. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 24(2), 9–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879902400202
Hossain, M. I., Yagamaran, K. S. A., Afrin, T., Limon, N., Nasiruzzaman, M., & Karim, A. M. (2018). Factors influencing unemployment among fresh graduates: A case study in Klang Valley, Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(9). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v8-i9/4859
Ibrahim, N. A., & Mas’ud, A. (2016). Moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation on the relationship between entrepreneurial skills, environmental factors and entrepreneurial intention: A PLS approach. Management Science Letters, 225–236. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2016.1.005
Iglesias-Sánchez, P. P., Jambrino-Maldonado, C., Velasco, A. P., & Kokash, H. (2016). Impact of entrepreneurship programmes on university students. Education + Training, 58(2), 209–228. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-01-2015-0004
Joy, S., & Kolb, D. A. (2009). Are there cultural differences in learning style? International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 33(1), 69–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2008.11.002
Lim, Y. M., Lee, T. H., Yap, C. S., & Ling, C. C. (2016). Employability skills, personal qualities, and early employment problems of entry-level auditors: Perspectives from employers, lecturers, auditors, and students. Journal of Education for Business, 91(4), 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2016.1153998
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135–172. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1996.9602161568
Mason, G., Williams, G., & Cranmer, S. (2009). Employability skills initiatives in higher education: what effects do they have on graduate labour market outcomes? Education Economics, 17(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/09645290802028315
Miller, D. (1983). The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science, 29(7), 770–791. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.29.7.770
Moreland, N. (2006), Entrepreneurship and Higher Education: An Employability Perspective, The Higher Education Academy, York.
Pouratashi, M., & Zamani, A. (2019). University and graduates’ employability. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 9(3), 290–304. https://doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-12-2017-0103
Quince, T., & Whittaker, H. (2003). Entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurs' intentions and objectives. University of Cambridge, ESRC Centre for Business Research.
Raybould, J., & Sheedy, V. (2005). Are graduates equipped with the right skills in the employability stakes? Industrial and Commercial Training, 37(5), 259–263. https://doi.org/10.1108/00197850510609694
Rosenberg, S., Heimler, R., & Morote, E. (2012). Basic employability skills: A triangular design approach. Education + Training, 54(1), 7–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911211198869
Saunders, M. N. K., & Rojon, C. (2014). There’s no madness in my method: Explaining how your coaching research findings are built on firm foundations. Coaching, 7(1), 74–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/17521882.2014.889185
