Reaksi Anggota Afro-Asian TerhadapPembentukan Malaysia 1961–1965: Isu danPenyelesaian dalam Hubungan Luar Malaysia

Afro-Asian Response to the Formation of Malaysia 1961–1965:Issues and Solutions in Malaysia Foreign Relations

Abstract

Afro -Asian Conference in Bandung was initiated in 1955, and then followed by the Cairo Conference (1957) and Belgrade (1961), which led to the establishment of the non-aligned movement (NAM ). The conference was attended by the Communist and anti-Communists countries, who aimed to create a union among the non-aligned in opposition to the occupation of the West after World War II. Declaration of Tunku Abdul Rahman regarding the proposal of formation of Malaysia in 1961, that combines Malaya, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak as a federation, has given rise to various reactions of the conference members. The diversity of these reactions are closely related to the importance of the strategic aspects, membership in certain organizations, borders, and other ideologies. The reaction of some member of countries are looking to address the “Bandung spirit” which became their holdings principle since 1954. This article aims to discuss the reaction of members of the Afro-Asian Conference in relation to the issue of the formation of Malaysia from 1961 up to planned second Afro-Asian Conference in Algeria’s in 1965. The focus of the discussion was about the difference stance of member countries, which can be a yard stick of the level of unioness formed through first a conference in Bandung (1954 ).